What was retained by Texas upon its annexation to the United States?

Texas retained its debt and control of public lands upon its annexation to the United States in 1845. This retention was significant for several reasons. Firstly, Texas entered the Union with a unique status, allowing it to maintain its own public lands. This was a critical aspect since Texas had vast tracts of land that held potential for development and revenue.

Additionally, retaining control over public lands allowed Texas to manage its resources independently while adjusting to the new federal system. The provision for the assumption of its debt was also vital, as it indicated the U.S. government’s acknowledgment of Texas's financial obligations. By retaining this debt, Texas could ensure that its financial commitments were honored, which was essential for stability and continuity during the transition into statehood.

In contrast, other choices would not accurately reflect the historical context of Texas's annexation. Texas did not maintain its own currency or military in the same way; these were transitioned to federal standards and control. Furthermore, diplomatic relations were managed at the federal level, not by individual states, making the retention of diplomatic relations nonexistent in the context of annexation. Thus, the retention of debt and control of public lands reflects the unique arrangements made at the time of Texas’s statehood.